Radiographic examination is used for locating which of the following types of discontinuities?

Radiographic examination is a nondestructive testing method that utilizes X-rays or gamma rays to inspect the internal structure of materials, primarily to detect discontinuities such as voids, inclusions, and cracks. The primary advantage of radiographic testing is its ability to reveal both subsurface and surface discontinuities, as it provides a view of the material's internal features through the resultant images produced.

When radiographic examination is performed, the radiation penetrates the material and exposes a film or digital sensor, creating an image that can show various defects. This process allows inspectors to identify issues not only on the surface but also within the material itself and even on the opposite surface, depending on the thickness and density of the material being examined. This capability is particularly valuable for welds, where internal flaws are often more critical than surface flaws.

Consequently, the assertion that radiographic examination is used for locating all types of discontinuities—whether surface or subsurface—is accurate and highlights the effectiveness of this method in providing a comprehensive assessment of material integrity.